Vulvar Cancer

The vulva is comprised of the external female genital organs, including the vaginal lips, clitoris and the skin surrounding the vagina. Vulvar cancer occurs when malignant cells form in any of these organs.

Vulvar cancer can develop over a period of years, as cells undergo abnormal changes before becoming malignant. This phase is called vulvar intraepithelial neplasia (VIN) or dysplasia. Risks may include carrying the human papillomavirus (HPV) and advanced age.

Symptoms of Vulvar Cancer

There are not usually noticeable symptoms of vulvar cancer. However, some women do experience symptoms. These may include:

• Abnormal bleeding different from menstruation
• Vulvar lumps
• Itching in the vulva
• Pelvic pain

If vulvar cancer is caught in its early stages, it is treatable and outcomes can be excellent. If there is a concern, or a biopsy comes back with possible signs of cancer, you will be referred to a gynecologic oncologist.

Treatment for Vulvar Cancer

When evaluated for vulvar cancer, your doctor will take a complete medical and family history as well as perform a pelvic exam to examine the organs of the female reproductive tract for any changes in size or shape. The following tests may be ordered by your doctor to fully evaluate you for vaginal cancer:

• Pap Smear. This test includes collecting cells from the cervix and upper vagina. An experienced pathologist will then check the cells for any sign of malignancy.
• Biopsy. In this procedure, which can be done in your doctor's office, your doctor will remove a sample of tissue from the vulva, and possibly the vagina. A pathologist will carefully examine the sample of tissue to check for possibly malignancies and other conditions.

If cancer is found in the biopsy, your doctor will create an individualized treatment plan for you

• Surgery
• Chemotherapy
• Radiation Therapy